The Bloco de Esquerda political party has presented a bill
to prohibit the sale of real estate to citizens or companies with headquarters
or permanent residence abroad, as a way to combat the increase in prices in the
real estate market.
According to the party, this measure – which, in general
terms, was recently adopted in Canada – aims to “combat rising prices with
housing”. In the articles of this diploma, BE points out, however, that this
prohibition would not apply to “Portuguese citizens with their own and
permanent residence outside Portugal”, nor to asylum seekers or immigrants with
a permanent residence permit.
“Real estate transactions in low-density territories” would
also be excluded, as well as “foreign citizens who acquire a property, in
co-ownership, with their spouse or a de facto partner”.
In the explanatory memorandum for the bill, the party led by
Catarina Martins argues that, "in Portugal, the fundamental right to a
house has yet to be fulfilled". Bloco de Esquerda advances with statistics
according to which, between 2010 and 2022, house prices “increased by 80% and
rents rose by 28%”, causing residents in Portugal to spend “a brutal percentage
of their income on the house”.
Despite acknowledging that the “housing crisis is not unique
to Portugal”, the BE considers, however, that “Portuguese governments have only
exacerbated this trend, with their policies of privilege and inequality”. According
to the party, the “process of gentrification and financialization of housing
motivated the mobilization of citizens and local authorities in several
European cities”, causing legislative changes at an international level.
Among the examples cited in this bill, the BE mentions
namely that, “in Canada, the Liberal Party government prohibited the sale of
residential buildings to foreigners, a measure that had already been
implemented in New Zealand and that, recently, will also be a reality on the
islands of Ibiza, Mallorca and Menorca”.
Unaffordable
“The defenders of these measures, whose application has been
hampered by the power of real estate interests, invoke the same argument:
competition from financial capital makes house prices unaffordable for local
citizens”, reads the bill.
For BE, “if this is the reality in Canada, the Netherlands,
Germany or Catalonia, it is more so in Portugal, where salaries do not compete,
neither with the financial power of investment funds, nor with personal income
attracted by golden visa regimes, tax benefits for non-habitual residents, or
cryptocurrency speculators”.
The party also adds that these international experiences
demonstrate that "the process of real estate inflation requires
exceptional measures, aimed at protecting the right to housing".