According to statistics from Eurostat, difficulties are accentuated in the case of citizens from countries with low human development indices (HDI). More than a third (35.7%) of female nationals of a country outside the EU with a low or medium HDI report have obstacles in finding a job, a figure that compares with 31.1% of men.

In the case of women who are nationals of a country outside the EU with a high or very high HDI, 27.3% report difficulties, while only 20.9% of men report the same.

Languages

Difficulties in mastering the language of the host country is the most mentioned obstacle, particularly by people born in countries with a low HDI, with 10.5% of women referring to this topic vs 9.7% of men.

Difficulty in finding a job due to residency or citizenship visa requirements is the single obstacle mentioned more by men than by women. In the case of nationals of a country outside the EU with a low or medium development index, the topic is mentioned by 3.3% of men vs 2.8% of women, while it is only mentioned by 2.1% of the men and 2.8% of women in the case of nationals of a country outside the EU with a high or very high level of development.